Technology Readiness Levels (TRL) are different points on a scale used to measure the progress or maturity level of a technology. The scale ranges from 1 to 9, where TRL 1 is the lowest and TRL 9 is the highest.

TRL is determined during a technology readiness assessment (TRA) that examines program concepts, technology requirements, and demonstrated technology capabilities. TRLs are based on a scale from 1 to 9 with 9 being the most mature technology.

TRLs are a set of management metrics that enable the assessment of the maturity of a particular technology and the consistent comparison of maturity between different types of technology—all in the context of a specific system, application and operational environment.

TRLs are useful for evaluating the technology maturity of the space segment and assessing the associated development risks before taking such decision. Note that in the current ESA procedures, this decision is taken at the end of Phase B1, where competition is still running at Prime Contractor level and sometimes at mission level.

2020年9月10日 · The technical maturity of instruments and spacecraft sub-systems with respect to a specific space application are classified according to a "Technology Readiness Level" (TRL) on a scale of 1 to 9. ESA uses the ISO standard 16290 Space systems – Definition of the Technology Readiness Levels (TRLs) and their criteria assessment.

The ESA TRL calculator is an aid to assess the maturity level of a technology. The tool covers TRL3 to TRL7 for a space instrument or a space equipment. The TRL assessment covers aspects such as Management, Design, AIV/AIT, Product and Quality Assurance, Materials and Processes, EEE components, Dependability and Safety, Software.

TRL is a scale for technology maturity assessment and not a method of technology engineering nor development. TRL is used in R&T&D activities and also in project activities. For project activities, a technology readiness assessment informs the project manager (until the end of

“Technology readiness level (TRL) guidelines”, ECSS-E-HB-11A, 1 March 2017.

ESA Technology programmes and Technical Readiness Levels (RTL) scale. These work plans are drafted by the Technology Network (TECNET), formed of eight groups of senior ESA experts overseeing each service domain that take into account the needs of ESA and other European missions and of industry.

Illustration showing the TRL ladder from concept to flight validation.