Tin pest is an autocatalytic, allotropic transformation of the element tin, which causes deterioration of tin objects at low temperatures. Tin pest has also been called tin disease, [1] tin blight, tin plague, [2] or tin leprosy. [3] . It is an autocatalytic process, accelerating once it begins.

2020年2月6日 · Here is a look at what tin pest is, what causes and tin pest, and some historical significance of the phenomenon. Answer: Tin pest occurs when the element tin changes allotropes from its silvery metallic β form to the brittle gray α form. Tin pest is also known as tin disease, tin blight and tin leprosy.

2017年12月1日 · Tin pest is the formation of tin in the phase of α‑tin, which particularly happens in pure tin that transforms from white β‑tin to gray α‑tin at temperatures below 13.2 °C. In this phase, tin is a structurally weak and readily crumbly powder that is not acceptable in electronic systems that must be reliable at low temperatures.

The α‑tin product, referred to as tin pest, is structurally weak, readily crumbles into powder, and causes most tin objects to crumble. Tin pest will usually nucleate at an edge, corner, or on a surface. Although tin pest can form at < 13.2 °C, most researchers believe that the kinetics are very sluggish at this temperature.

Tin pest or tin plague has been known for centuries. Tin pest has been well known in the north of Sweden as the Sámi people spin thread from tin to decorate their clothes3. They add a few percent silver to retard the pest formation. The cases of it affecting pipe organs in medieval cathedrals and being ascribed to Satan are legendary4. It was ...

2022年9月7日 · “Tin pest,” a metallurgical phenomenon that can lead to mechanical and electrical degradation of solder, has been associated with tin-rich/pure tin materials. Historically, solder alloy element additions, such as lead or antimony, were used to prevent the formation of tin pest.

2021年4月26日 · Tin pest, or tin disease, is a rare form of deterioration that occurs as a result of the allotropic conversion of white tin into grey tin. tin disease. Some elements exist in more than one chemical form called allotropes; allotropic conversion is the process when the chemical elements of an object change from one molecular structure to another.

This paper presents a comprehensive review of the tin pest phenomenon research and focuses on new experimental data regarding the formation of tin pest effects. The data presented and analyzed here enable manufacturers to make the right decisions when choosing a tin-based alloy for low-temperature applications.

2022年1月20日 · 金属锡在低温时崩碎成粉末的现象。 常见的金属锡是白锡（β -锡），当温度低于13.2℃时，白锡缓慢地转变为同素异形体灰锡（α -锡），当温度低于－30℃时，转变速度达 …

Tin pest is an autocatalytic, allotropic transformation of the element tin, which causes deterioration of tin objects at low temperatures. Tin pest has also been called tin disease, or tin leprosy (Lèpre d'étain). It was observed in medieval Europe that the pipes of …