The sacral spinal nerve 4 (S4) is a spinal nerve of the sacral segment. [1] It originates from the spinal column from below the 4th body of the sacrum. Sacrum, showing bodies in center. S4 supplies many muscles, either directly or through nerves originating from S4.

Damaging either the S1, S2, S3, S4, or S5 vertebrae should leave the patient fairly functional with some issues controlling bowel and bladder function. Patients with injuries to the sacrum typically live very normal lives. Some assistance may be needed for …

The sacral vertebra S4 (4th sacral vertebra) is part of the sacrum, which is formed by the fusion of five sacral vertebrae. The sacrum stabilizes the lumbar spine at the lumbosacral angle. The S4 vertebra is located near the caudal end of the sacrum, just above the sacrococcygeal junction.Anatomically, the sacrum features both anterior and ...

Results: Preserved sensation at the first sacral segment (S1S) provided good prediction (90.5%) of caudal sacral sensory sparing (ie, AS or S4-S5 sensation). Voluntary anal contraction was accurately predicted by preserved motor function within the …

2023年4月13日 · The sacral vertebrae—also called the sacral spine—consists of five sacral vertebrae bones. These bones fuse together to form the sacrum, the shield-shaped bony structure located at the base of the lumbar vertebrae (the five cylindrical bones forming the spine of the lower bank) and connected to the pelvis.

S1 through S5 is a reference to the five (S1, S2, S3, S4, S5) vertebrae (bones that form an opening in which the spinal cord passes) that are near an area of the body

2023年7月30日 · The S1-S4 nerves originate from the cauda equina of the spinal cord, travel down the sacral canal, and exit via the four sacral foramina. S5 follows the same route other than it exits from the sacral hiatus rather than via foramina. The vertebrae themselves receive innervation by the meningeal branches of these spinal nerves.

The anal sphincter is innervated by the S4-5 cord and represents the end of the spinal cord. The anal sphincter is a critical part of the spinal cord injury examination. If the person has any voluntary anal contraction, regardless of any other finding, that person is by definition a motor incomplete injury.

2018年9月5日 · S1-S4 nerve roots run through the sacral foramina with S1 and S2 carrying a higher rate of injury; Rectal exam: rectal tone, perianal wink; Sensation to light touch and pinprick along S2-S5; Bulbocavernosus and cremasteric reflexes; Full lower extremity sensory and motor exam to rule out cauda equina syndrome

2024年11月27日 · S4 & 5 Sacral Injuries. These nerves affect the perianal area, leaving some regions intact and free from damage. The pelvic cavity is affected by the S2, S3, and S4 spinal nerves, which facilitate functions connected to sex, the bladder, and the bowels. Accordingly, these functions may or may not be impaired depending on the severity of the injury.