Mars 3 was a robotic space probe of the Soviet Mars program, launched May 28, 1971, nine days after its twin spacecraft Mars 2. The probes were identical robotic spacecraft launched by Proton-K rockets with a Blok D upper stage, each consisting of an orbiter and an attached lander .

The following table is a list of successful and unsuccessful Mars landers. As of 2022, 21 lander missions and 8 sub-landers (Rovers and Penetrators) attempted to land on Mars. Of 21 landers, the Curiosity rover and Perseverance rover are currently in operation on Mars. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21.

2015年5月1日 · Mars 3 was the first spacecraft to make a successful soft landing on Mars. The Mars 3 descent module was mounted on the bus/orbiter opposite the propulsion system. It consisted of a spherical 1.2 m diameter landing capsule, a 2.9 m diameter conical aerodynamic braking shield, a parachute system and retro-rockets.

The Mars 2 and Mars 3 missions consisted of identical spacecraft, each with a bus/orbiter module and an attached descent/lander module.

And on December 2, 1971, Mars 3 achieved orbit, then sent down a lander that became the first spacecraft to safely touch Mars. Mars 3 was meant to unleash a small rover, but contact was...

2013年4月11日 · This set of images shows what might be hardware from the Soviet Union's 1971 Mars 3 lander, seen in a pair of images from the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) camera on NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter.

2024年2月20日 · Using a sophisticated landing system unmatched until later NASA missions like Pathfinder and Spirit, Mars 3 successfully landed on the Martian surface 50 years ago on December 2, 1971, becoming...

The Mars 2 and 3 landers carried a small (21.5 x 16 x 6 cm) walking robot called PROP-M. The robot had a mass of 4.5 kg and was tethered to the lander by a cable for direct communication. The rover was designed to "walk" on a pair of skis to the limit of the 15 m cable length.

2023年1月14日 · The Mars M71 series was a Soviet series of Mars orbiters with landers. The Mars 2 lander became the first man-made object to reach the surface of Mars. The probes consisted of an orbiter section and a landing capsule. They were built by NPO Lavochkin.

On 2 December 1971, the Mars 3 lander started making it's way down through the thick dust storm that was going on at the time. The lander entered Mars atmosphere at about 5.7 km/s. With the help of retrorockets, parachutes and aerodynamic braking it landed safely on the surface!