The highlands have a temperate climate throughout the year. The climate of most lowland zones is arid and semiarid. The distribution of rainfall and vegetation types varies markedly throughout the country. Eritrean climate varies based on seasonal and altitudinal differences.

The Eritrean national identity began to develop during the Scramble for Africa, when Italy claimed Eritrea as one of its colonies. This marked the establishment of Eritrea's present-day borders. [ 23 ]

2025年4月1日 · The Eritrean highlands are drained by four major rivers and numerous streams. Two of the rivers, the Gash and the Tekezē, flow westward into Sudan. The Tekezē River (also known as the Satit) is a major tributary of the Atbara River , which eventually joins the Nile.

First, the Eritrean constitution sought to establish an equilibrium between ethnic and religious groups. It made Tigrinya and Arabic the official languages of Eritrea, and it allowed local communities to choose the language of education for their children.

2023年4月18日 · 1958 - Eritrean Liberation Front (ELF) is formed. 1962 - Ethiopia annexes Eritrea, giving impetus to the independence movement and the 30-year war for independence.

2023年11月13日 · Eritrea, a country in the Horn of Africa, spans an area of about 121,100 km 2 (46,757 mi 2).It shares its borders with Sudan to the west, Ethiopia to the south, and Djibouti to the southeast. Its eastern and northeastern coastline lies along the Red Sea.. The country is divisible into roughly four distinct geographical regions, which are primarily highlands and …

2021年12月28日 · Ethiopia's full annexation of Eritrea as a province 10 years later sparked a violent 30-year struggle for independence that ended in 1991 with Eritrean rebels defeating government forces. Eritreans overwhelmingly approved independence in a 1993 referendum.

2025年3月28日 · Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a description of each topic.

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Eritrean territory covers about 48,000 square miles (125,000 square kilometers) and contains a wide variety of rugged landscapes: mountains, desert, highland plateau, lowland plains, and off the coast some 150 coral islands.