Hydrogen molecule (H 2): Hydrogen molecule belongs to the family of diatomic molecules, which consists of two hydrogen atoms bonded to each other by a covalent bond. According to the atomic number of hydrogen, it has only one electron in its 1s orbital. The electronic configuration of H 2 molecule is given as:

Molecular orbital energy-level diagrams for diatomic molecules can be created if the electron configuration of the parent atoms is known, following a few simple rules. Most important, the number of molecular orbitals in a molecule is the same as the number of …

Hydrogen exists as a diatomic molecule because it shares its single electron with another hydrogen atom to achieve a stable electron configuration. This shared pair of electrons forms a covalent bond in the H2 molecule. Over 22 million students worldwide already upgrade their learning with Vaia!

We are now in a position to discuss the electronic structure of the simplest molecule: H2. For the low-lying electronic states of H2, the BO approximation is completely satisfactory, and so we will be interested in the electronic Hamiltonian. a “B” label the two nuclei.

We will first adopt the Born-Oppenheimer approximation – as the protons move, the electrons find their ground state configuration by responding instantaneously. For example, in the hydrogen molecule, deformation affects the relative motion of the nuclei. In this case we assume that the electrons find their ground state instantaneously.

Let’s explain the MO treatment of homonuclear diatomic molecules by taking the example of hydrogen molecule (H 2). Hydrogen Molecule (H2) – When two hydrogen atoms are combined, it results in the formation of a hydrogen molecule (H 2). As we know, each hydrogen atom has one electron in its valence shell, that is, one s-orbital.

The ground-state electron configurations of diatomic molecules are deduced by forming molecular orbitals from all the valence-sbell atomic orbitals of the two atoms and adding the valence electrons to the molecular orbitals in order of increasing energy, …

Explanation: Dihydrogen molecule (H 2) belongs to the family of diatomic molecules, which consists of two hydrogen atoms bonded to each other by a covalent bond. Due to the absence of unpaired electrons in the hydrogen molecule, it is diamagnetic in nature.

Electron configurations of homonuclear diatomic molecules# Which atomic orbitals mix to form molecular orbitals and what are their relative energies? The graph on the left can be used to obtain the energy order of molecular orbitals and indicates the atomic orbital limits. The non-crossing rule: States with the same symmetry never cross.#

We represent this configuration by a molecular orbital energy diagram (below) in which a single upward arrow indicates one electron in an orbital, and two (upward and downward) arrows indicate two electrons of opposite spin. The molecular orbital energy diagram predicts that H 2 will be a stable molecule with lower energy than the separated atoms.