The reflex exam is fundamental to the neurological exam and important to locating upper versus lower motor neuron lesions. There are five deep tendon reflexes and a number of superficial and visceral reflexes covered here. Reflexes are useful for the general internist to perform, but you can’t evaluate them if … You don’t have a hammer.

Whether the 1 + and 3 + responses are normal depends on what they were previously, that is, the patient's reflex history; what the other reflexes are; and analysis of associated findings such as muscle tone, muscle strength, or other evidence of disease. Asymmetry of …

Reflexes (stretch reflexes or deep tendon reflexes/DTR) depend on the integrity of the sensory system and the motor system in the spinal cord. The sensory stimulus enters the spinal cord at a specific level, but the motor innervation involves more than one spinal cord level because of the distribution of peripheral nerves in the plexus.

Deep tendon reflexes, more properly referred to as muscle stretch reflexes, are an integral part of the neurological examination. A stretch reflex is an involuntary reaction of a muscle to being passively stretched by percussion of the tendon.

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4+ = a tap elicits a repeating reflex (clonus); always abnormal. Whether the 1 + and 3 + responses are normal depends on what they were previously, that is, the patient's reflex history; what the other reflexes are; and analysis of associated findings such as muscle tone, muscle strength, or other evidence of disease.

2024年12月1日 · The most valuable DTRs for clinical diagnosis are the biceps, triceps, brachioradialis, patellar, and Achilles (see Table 28.1); under most circumstances, and using good technique, these are elicitable in every normal person.

2019年8月6日 · Reflex testing is used to access neuromuscular integration of an individual. So following is the scale used to measure deep tendon reflex: Grade 0= No response. Grade 1+= Diminished. Grade 2+= Normal. Grade 3+= Brisk, but of no clinical significance. Grade 4+= Very brisk, hyperactive, with clonus, of clinical significance.

The 2/4 means that the assessed strength of the reflexes were normal and were neither too low or too high. If they specifically mention only checking the reflexes at the ankle and patella (knee cap), then that would be the only reflexes that were checked.

2024年8月28日 · Deep Tendon Reflexes (DTRs) are involuntary, automatic responses to a stimulus applied to a tendon, typically involving the muscle it is connected to. These reflexes are essential for assessing the integrity of the nervous system, particularly the …