Alcohol is more toxic in the ageing organism because of changes in its metabolism, distribution and elimination, which lead to central nervous system effects at lower levels of intake; also, ageing organs such as brain and liver are more sensitive to the toxicity of alcohol.

2025年1月10日 · The risk of having MetS is higher with substantial or excessive alcohol use: a mild alcohol intake with 100–300 kcal/day can contribute directly to weight gain and obesity, irrespective of the...

Alcohol is eliminated from the body by various metabolic mechanisms. The primary enzymes involved are aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), cytochrome P450 (CYP2E1), and catalase. Variations in the genes for these enzymes have been found to influence alcohol consumption, alcohol-related tissue damage, and alcohol dependence.

Alcohol is metabolized by several processes or pathways. The most common of these pathways involves two enzymes—alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). These enzymes help break apart the alcohol molecule, making it possible to eliminate it …

This article summarizes recent experimental and epidemiological data on the toxic and beneficial effects of ethanol and its metabolites (acetaldehyde), and focuses on their immunomodulatory effects. The section dealing with the toxic effects of alcohol focuses on its …

2024年6月20日 · Here we show that a liver–gut axis, rather than liver alone, synergistically drives systemic AcH clearance and voluntary alcohol drinking. Mechanistically, we find that after ethanol intake, a...

2024年6月27日 · 近期，高斌团队最新研究发现，除了肝脏之外的多个器官（包括肠道）中选择性敲除Aldh2并未或仅略微提高血清AcH水平，而同时删除肝脏和肠道中的Aldh2则能起到协同作用，使饮酒后血清AcH水平接近全身Aldh2基因敲除小鼠的水平。 机制研究提示，乙醇摄入后，肝脏生成的大部分AcH经胆汁排泄进入肠道，并通过肠上皮ALDH2进一步代谢，而肠道微生物在肠道腔内AcH的清除中起较小作用。 团队通过基因编辑小鼠模型，多种动物活体手术模型，结合改变 …

Heavy alcohol drinking increases the risk of cardiovascular and liver disease, metabolic disturbances, nutritional deficiencies, cancers (i.e. mouth, stomach, colon, liver and breast cancer), neurobiological disorders and fetal abnormalities 5.

Gas fermentation using acetogenic bacteria such as Clostridium autoethanogenum offers an attractive route for production of fuel ethanol from industrial waste gases. Acetate reduction to acetaldehyde and further to ethanol via an aldehyde: ferredoxin oxidoreductase (AOR) and alcohol dehydrogenase ha …

Alcohol abuse disrupts multiple cellular mechanisms, leading to altered organ function and disease. Among the most im-portant pathophysiological mechanisms identified as caus-ative factors in tissue and organ injury resulting from alcohol abuse include oxidative stress, inflammation, acetaldehyde