2016年9月1日 · TED is the most common cause of both orbital disease and exophthalmos (external protrusion of the eyeball from the socket) in North America and Europe. TED occurs more frequently in women than in men, with both sexes having two age ranges in which TED is most likely to be diagnosed. Females 16 per 100,000 (0.016%) females have TED

2016年11月18日 · If TED is suspected, one must determine disease activity and severity in order to assess the urgency of treatment. Disease Activity. In assessing the activity level of TED in a patient, the clinical activity score (CAS) can be used [15]. At the initial visit, patients are given a CAS score of 1-7, one point for each sign or symptom (Figure 19):

2016年11月18日 · TED is a self-limiting disease, with patients moving from the active to quiescent phase within 1-3 years with a 5-10% risk of recurrence [10]. Treatment for TED should start at the time of the diagnosis, as treatment becomes less effective as the disease progresses from the early, acute, active phase to the chronic quiescent phase.

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2016年11月18日 · TED is a self-limiting disease and may present in one of two stages: active or quiescent (Figure 6). In the active stage, there is active inflammation, which can lead to orbital muscle enlargement, conjunctival injection and chemosis, ocular pain, and swelling of the periocular tissues and eyelids.

TED（环球会议名称） TED（指Technology, Entertainment, Design在英语中的缩写，即技术、娱乐、设计）是美国的一家私有非营利机构，该机构以它组织的TED大会著称，这个会议的宗旨是“传播一切值得传播的创意”。TED诞生于1984年，其发起人是理查德·索·乌曼。

2016年11月18日 · TED is a self-limiting disease, with patients moving from the active to quiescent phase within 1-3 years with a 5-10% risk of recurrence Treatment for TED should start at the time of the diagnosis, as treatment becomes less effective as the disease progresses from the early, acute, active phase to the chronic quiescent phase.

2016年11月18日 · TED affects extraocular muscles in a predictable manner [39]. The inferior rectus and medial rectus are most commonly involved. This presents as hypotropia and/or esotropia. Most TED patients with diplopia due to strabismus will not require surgical intervention, as most can be effectively managed with prism spectacles [39].

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2017年2月1日 · o However, sometimes TED can occur without TSI formation Clinical Presentation of TED About 90% of patients with TED also have some thyroid dysfunction - usually the thyroid is overactive (i.e. Graves' disease), but occasionally the thyroid is underactive (e.g. Hashimoto's thyroiditis). Most times, the diagnosis of TED and diagnosis of a thyroid