The three Ras genes in humans (HRAS, KRAS, and NRAS) are the most common oncogenes in human cancer; mutations that permanently activate Ras are found in 20 to 25% of all human tumors and up to 90% in certain types of cancer (e.g., pancreatic cancer). [2]

In humans, three RAS genes encode four distinct isoforms: HRAS, NRAS, and the two splice variants of KRAS gene, KRAS4a and KRAS4b, containing exons 4a and 4b, respectively. All four RAS isoforms contain identical residues in the first half of the GTPase domain (G-domain) and they share 82% sequence identity in the second half of the G-domain.

2022年11月7日 · The RAS Initiative, a "hub and spoke" model, connects researchers to better understand and target the more than 30% of cancers driven by mutations in RAS genes. Includes oversight and contact information.

This paper reviews our current understanding of the potential role of different RAS mutations on tumorigenesis, highlights studies in model cell culture and in vivo systems, and discusses the potential of expression array and computational network modeling to dissect out differences in activated RAS genes in conferring a transforming phenotype.

A family of genes that make proteins involved in cell signaling pathways that control cell growth and cell death. Mutated (changed) forms of the RAS gene may be found in some types of cancer.

2017年1月1日 · The Ras genes, strictly speaking, are only a small group of a large family of related genes (the Ras superfamily) that perform a host of important cellular functions including signal transduction (Ras, Ral, Rho), cytoskeletal regulation (Rho), vesicle transport , and nuclear-cytoplasmic transport . The Ras genes more relevant for human cancer ...

In this review, we summarize the pioneering works which allowed the discovery of RAS oncogenes, the finding of frequent mutations of RAS in various human cancers, the role of these mutations in tumorigenesis and mutation-activated signaling networks.

The three RAS genes encode four RAS protein isoforms that are highly similar in primary sequence (82-90% amino acid (aa) sequence identity), structure and biochemical properties (GTP binding, hydrolysis and prenylation) (see poster).

2025年1月6日 · RAS — an abbreviation for rat sarcoma — is the most commonly mutated oncogene in human cancer. RAS mutations are found in 20% of all cancers and account for an estimated 260,000 cases per year in the U.S. and 3.4 million cases per year globally.

2025年2月7日 · RAS proteins are encoded by three distinct genes, each giving rise to a specific isoform: KRAS, HRAS, and NRAS. These isoforms, while structurally similar, exhibit unique expression patterns and functional roles within different tissues.