3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol esters (3-MCPDE) and glycidyl esters (GE) are contaminants that can occur in edible oils, such as vegetable oils, and foods made...

3-MCPD, together with its isomer 2-MCPD, is thought to be produced when fat-containing foods are treated at high temperatures with hydrochloric acid. Such treatments are sometimes used to accelerate protein hydrolysis, making food more digestable.

2018年1月10日 · The chemical 3-monochloropropane diol (3-MCPD) and related substances called 3-MCPD esters are food processing contaminants found in some processed foods and vegetable oils, mainly palm oil. 3-MCPD and its esters are formed unintentionally in these foods, in particular during oil refining processes.

2025年2月1日 · Glycidyl ester (GE) and 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol ester (3-MCPDE) are food contaminants formed during edible oil refining. Due to their potential human carcinogenicity, the European Commission has established regulatory limits for vegetable oil, including palm oil.

2- and 3-MCPD (free 2- and 3-monochloropropanediols (in short 3-MCPD) are substances that arise when oils and fats that are rich in salts are heated for too long and/or at too high tem-peratures. The amount of 3-MCPD that arises depends on the temperature to which the oil or fat is heated and the duration of the exposure.

2023年3月23日 · 3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) is one of the most common food contaminants in processed oils which forms mostly during the deodorization step of edible oil refining process. It has been detected in many types of food products such as infant formula, margarine, bread and soy sauce, which could result in kidney and testicular damage.

2021年1月1日 · MCPD esters and GE are formed endogenously during vegetable oil refining process. Then, their concentration were experimented during subsequent food processing methods, especially frying and baking. This review discussed the occurrence of 2-, 3-MCPD esters and GE during frying and baking processes.

2024年8月30日 · Starting January 1, 2022, the maximum content of 3MCPDE in processed palm oil will decrease from 2.5 ppm to 1.25 ppm for integrated refineries, exporters and importers. However, for independent refineries, the effective date will be 1 January 2023.

2015年5月18日 · 3-MCPD esters were only recently discovered in foods and food ingredients. They highest levels of 3-MCPD esters have been found in palm oils and fats, but they are also present in most vegetable oils and fats, and all manufactured products containing them.

Fatty-acid-bound 3–monochloropropane-1,2-diol or known as ester-bound 3-monochloropropanediol (3-MCPD fatty acid esters) and glycidyl fatty acid ester (GE) are processed contaminants generated mainly during the refining of edible oil.1 During the oil refining, often high temperature is required which causes 3-MCPD (fatty acid esters) and GE to b...