Analysis of the mRNA expression levels of the two NOX isoforms implicated in brain pathology showed, that NOX2 is dramatically upregulated under conditions of Nrf2 deficiency, whereas NOX4 is upregulated when Nrf2 is constitutively activated (Keap1-KD) to a degree which paralleled the increases in ROS production.

2020年2月17日 · Accumulating evidence has shown that mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) activate Nrf2, often mediated by certain protein kinases, and induce the expression of antioxidant genes and genes involved in mitochondrial quality/quantity control.

2023年1月1日 · In this study, we analyzed the potential regulatory role of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) on NADPH oxidase 1 (NOX1) in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in human type II alveolar epithelial cells.

Nrf2−/− retinas exhibited an increase in VEGF but also induction of anti-angiogenic Dll4-Notch signaling. NADPH oxidase (NOX), and especially NOX2, is a major pathogenic molecule and a particularly important contributor to oxidative stress in multiple retinal disease processes.

2011年7月1日 · One potential target and effector of ROS signaling is the cap ‘n’ collar basic leucine zipper transcription factor, Nrf2. Nrf2 acts as a positive transcriptional regulator of a battery of genes involved in antioxidant and xenobiotic defense systems .

2022年2月1日 · ROS activates Nrf2 transcript factor by protein translation or protein stabilization. Nrf2 increases Mfn2, PINK1, p62, PGC-1α, NResF1 and mitochondrial gene expression. Nrf2 aids in regulation of mitochondrial hyerfusion, mitophagy and biogenesis. Nrf2 inducers show mitochondrial protection in animal models of cardiac injury.

Nrf2 controls the basal and induced expression of an array of antioxidant response element–dependent genes to regulate the physiological and pathophysiological outcomes of oxidant exposure. This review discusses the impact of Nrf2 on oxidative stress and toxicity and how Nrf2 senses oxidants and regulates antioxidant defense.

Macrophages activate the cytoprotective factor Nrf2 upon phagocytic ROS production via PI3K-calcium-Nox signaling during immune surveillance. This protective response is crucial to sustain vital immune functions and limit macrophage acquisition of senescence-like features.

2022年5月18日 · Professional phagocytes such as neutrophils (PMNs), eosinophils, monocytes, and macrophages use superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase (NOX) as part of their arsenal of antimicrobial mechanisms to...

2015年4月1日 · ROS production is increased in Nrf2-KO and Keap1-KD neurons when compared to WT. NOX2/NOX4 mRNA in Nrf2-KO and Keap1-KD paralleled these changes. Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2) factor 2 (Nrf2) is a crucial transcription …