The Mfecane, also known by the Sesotho names Difaqane or Lifaqane (all meaning "crushing," "scattering," "forced dispersal," or "forced migration"), [1] was a historical period of heightened military conflict and migration associated with state formation and expansion in Southern Africa.

Mfecane, series of Zulu and other Nguni wars and forced migrations of the second and third decades of the 19th century that changed the demographic, social, and political configuration of southern and central Africa and parts of eastern Africa. The Mfecane was set in …

2018年8月31日 · Euro-centric historians in the late 19th and early 20th centuries regarded the mfecane as the result of aggressive nation-building by the Zulu under the rule of Shaka and the Nbebele under Mzilikazi. Such descriptions of devastation and depopulation of Africans gave white settlers an excuse to move into the land which they considered empty.

2016年12月26日 · In transforming the farming society of southeastern Africa, the Mfecane wrought great suffering. Thousands died violent deaths. Thousands more were uprooted from their homes. Village communities and chiefdoms were eliminated. A century later, Solomon Tshekisho Plaatje, a Motswana, started his novel Mhudi with tragic incidents in the Mfecane.

This essay describes the Mfecane Wars and their impact, with a special focus on the migration of the Ngoni people that began in 1822 and spread north-west from Zululand to what is now Zimbabwe and northward to what is now Malawi and Tanzania.

2016年12月16日 · Mfecane was a Ngoni word used to describe times of trouble, forced migration of various people from southeastern parts of present South Africa to other parts of south, central and East Africa. A Sotho- Tswana word for describing the mfecane is Defecane.

2012年10月25日 · Shaka started the Mfecane wars round about 1818. A combination of local factors--population growth, the depletion of natural resources, and devastating drought and famine--led to revolutionary...

The Mfecane was one of a period which witnessed many theories being developed and produced which tries to account for Mfecane. Orthodox historians maintain that the Mfecane was a great series of wars and raids initiated and perpetrated by the

The Mfecane was a time of wars and migrations in southern Africa in the early 1800s. The people involved belonged mainly to Zulu and other Nguni groups. Mfecane means “destruction” or “crushing” in the Zulu language. In the Sesotho language, the events were known as the Difaqane, which means “forced migration.”

2017年11月15日 · The Mfecane (a Zulu word which translates to “the crushing”) or Difiqane (a Sotho word which translates to “forced removal) was a series of Nguni and other Zulu wars and forced migrations from the 1820s. The Mfecane is characterised as a revolutionary period and over a period up until the 1830s its’ influence spread over a vast area ...