Macroglia are cells that regulate the retinal metabolism and modulate neuron function and blood vessels. There are two cell types as part of the macroglia: Müller cells and astrocytes. The Müller cells cross the thickness of the retina from the RPE to the inner limiting membrane.

Glia, also called glial cells (gliocytes) or neuroglia, are non- neuronal cells in the central nervous system (the brain and the spinal cord) and in the peripheral nervous system that do not produce electrical impulses. The neuroglia make up more than one half the volume of neural tissue in the human body. [1] .

和神经细胞紧密相关的一种细胞--胶质细胞 (neuroglia 或glia cells)，它们的功能主要是为其他神经细胞提供支持、营养供给、维持稳定的环境以及绝缘。 那这些神经细胞就不需要那么长的轴突，所以相比就短很多。 而且由于作用不同的原因，形状差异很大。 作用细节不多说了，这些细胞大小和形状各异，但根据它们的作用来看，最小的估计是神经膜细胞。 另一组叫小胶质细胞（microglia），作用相当于是在脑和脊髓里的巨噬细胞，它清楚中枢神经系统里损坏了的神经 …

2024年4月17日 · Macroglia fulfill essential functions in the adult vertebrate brain, producing and maintaining neurons and regulating neuronal communication. However, we still know little about their...

Macroglia - one of the two classifications of glial cells in the nervous system (the other being microglia). Macroglia include a diverse array of glial cells, including astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, Schwann cells, and ependymal cells.

Major glial cells in the brain include oligodendrocytes (blue), astrocytes (green) and microglia (maroon). Neurons are shown in yellow, with the blue of oligodendrocytes forming the myelin sheath around the axon. (Image: Holly Fischer / CC BY 3.0 via Commons) Ependymal cells: Ependymal cells line the spinal cord and ventricles of the brain.

One of the large neuroglia cells of nervous tissue. See also: neuroglia. A generic term for cells in the CNS which are neither neurons nor microglia (or tissue-based macrophages). Macroglia cells include astrocytes, oligodendrogliocytes and glioblasts; they provide nutrition, physical support and synthesise myelin.

The human retina contains three types of glial cells: microglia and two types of macroglia, astrocytes and Müller cells. Macroglia provide homeostatic and metabolic support to photoreceptors and neurons required for neuronal activity.

Key roles of macroglia are inextricably coupled to specialized membrane domains. The perivascular endfoot membrane has drawn particular attention, as this domain contains a unique complement of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and other channel proteins that distinguishes it from perisynaptic membranes.

Astrocytes (macroglia) are the major glial cells within the CNS and have a number of important physiological properties related to CNS homeostasis. Besides regulating the extracellular ionic and chemical environment, they serve as immunocompetent cells within the brain.