M23 takes its name from the date of these peace accords. [23] [3] In August 2012, M23's leadership structure was formalized, with Bishop Jean-Marie Runiga Lugerero, a former CNDP member, appointed as president, and Colonel Sultani Makenga heading its military wing, the Revolutionary Army of Congo (Armée Révolutionnaire du Congo, ARC).

The March 23 Movement, often abbreviated as M23 and also known as the Congolese Revolutionary Army (Armée révolutionnaire du Congo), is a Congolese Tutsi-led, Rwandan-backed rebel military group. [6] It is based in eastern areas of …

2 天之前 · “This allows M23 to give itself a new, more diverse, Congolese face, as M23 has always been seen as a Rwanda-backed armed group defending Tutsi minorities,” said Moleka. The Washington-based Africa Center for Strategic Studies, in an analysis published Wednesday, cited “a shifting political calculus by sponsors” of M23.

6 天之前 · M23 has issued mining permits and formed a “state-like administration” for mining production, trade and transport, according to U.N. experts, with profits of more than $800,000 a month.

2 天之前 · M23 has about 6,500 fighters, according to U.N. estimates. It emerged in 2012 as a rebel group led by Congolese ethnic Tutsis who said a 2009 agreement signed to look after their interests ...

6 天之前 · The M23's origins are tied to these tensions - it is the latest incarnation of a rebel group that says it is fighting for the interests of the minority Tutsi community in eastern DR Congo.

2025年1月26日 · M23, which refers to the March 23, 2009, accord that ended a previous Tutsi-led revolt in eastern Congo, is the latest group of ethnic Tutsi-led insurgents to take up arms against Congolese forces ...