2023年3月30日 · Persons with typhoid fever carry the bacteria in their bloodstream and intestinal tract. Symptoms include prolonged high fever, fatigue, headache, nausea, abdominal pain, and constipation or diarrhoea. Some patients may have a rash. Severe cases may lead to serious complications or even death. Typhoid fever can be confirmed through blood testing.

2023年2月20日 · Purpose of Review Typhoid fever is one of the commonest global health burdens and has various local and systemic complications. The clinical picture may be more complex in concealed, untreated, or partially treated patients, which form a significant proportion of total cases. So, in this study, we aimed to identify recent and unique intestinal and extra-intestinal complications associated with ...

Typhoid intestinal perforation (TIP) is a severe and life-threatening complication of typhoid that disproportionately impacts children in resource-limited settings and continues to have devastating consequences worldwide. TIP typically occurs approximately two weeks after initial symptoms and results in holes, or perforations, in the intestines.

The prevalence of typhoid fever is gradually decreasing worldwide; however, it still remains endemic in the Indian subcontinent. Although, intestinal hemorrhage is the most common complication of typhoid fever yet intestinal perforation continues to be the most frequent cause of its high morbidity and mortality. In general, hemorrhage and ...

Typhoid fever and typhoid intestinal perforation Globally, typhoid fever has a case-fatality rate of 10%-30% without effective treatment, reduced to 1%-4% with appropriate management[ 7 , 8 ]. The true incidence of complications is unknown[ 9 ], but alarming problems may arise in 10% to 15 % of patients, especially when the disease is lasting ...

2024年4月19日 · Typhoid Fact Sheet. 2023] Enteric fever is the leading cause of community-acquired bloodstream infections in South and Southeast Asia.[1] ... A hallmark of severe typhoid, intestinal perforations in endemic countries should be considered probable enteric fever cases. While a late marker of disease, reporting these can help identify outbreaks in ...

Typhoid intestinal perforation (TIP) remains the most serious complication of typhoid fever. In many countries, the diagnosis of TIP relies on intraoperative identification, as blood culture and pathology capacity remain limited. As a result, many cases of TIP may not be reported as typhoid. This study demonstrates the burden of TIP in sites in ...

Background: Typhoid fever incidence and complications, including intestinal perforation, have declined significantly in high-income countries, with mortality rates <1%. However, an estimated 10.9 million cases still occur annually, most in low- and middle-income countries. With the availability of a new typhoid conjugate vaccine licensed for children and recommended by the World Health ...

In a recent review including 10,355 typhoid fever cases, it was found that the incidence of intestinal perforation and gastrointestinal bleeding was 1.3% and 3.1%, respectively [45•]. Typhoid fever is a very rare cause of splenic abscess. There can be a single or multiple abscesses, and the man-agement needs to be individualized.

Typhoid fever is not a true intestinal disease, in contrast to non-typhoidal strains of Salmonella. The infection begins with oral ingestion of the bacilli, penetration of the small bowel and then rapidly to the lymphatics and the bloodstream within minutes. At this stage, there is a paucity of an inflammatory response in contrast to other ...