进一步的研究表明，PARP-1特异性抑制剂DPQ阻断了Iduna对H2O2诱导的氧化应激的保护作用。 此外，在蛋白酶体抑制剂（MG-132）或泛素E1抑制剂（PYR-41）的存在下，Iduna的保护作用明显减弱。

2013年4月1日 · Iduna (encoded by Rnf146) is a novel gene (RING) finger protein that contains a WWE domain. Iduna acts as a PAR-dependent E3 ligase that regulates binding and ubiquitination of PARsylated and PAR binding proteins via its PAR binding motif (PBM) [20].

2011年5月22日 · Here we identify Iduna, a previously undescribed NMDA receptor–induced survival protein that is neuroprotective against glutamate NMDA receptor–mediated excitotoxicity both in vitro and in vivo...

2018年3月8日 · Iduna is a poly (ADP-ribose) (PAR)-dependent E3 ubiquitin ligase that regulates cellular responses such as proteasomal degradation and DNA repair upon interaction with its substrate.

Iduna 是 parthanatos 的调节剂，Iduna 的上调可减少细胞损伤和线粒体功能障碍。 因此，我们推测Iduna的过表达可能促进DHA治疗TBI。 在这里，我们发现在 TBI 小鼠模型中联合过表达 Iduna 和 DHA 后，炎症因子的表达减少，同时增加了神经保护因子的分泌。

2011年8月8日 · Iduna potently regulates the DNA damage response (Fig. S8 in SI Appendix). Iduna’s participation in the DNA damage response is likely to be complex as it also inhibits the translocation of AIF, which is required for DNA fragmentation in certain cell death paradigms such as parthanatos .

Down-regulation of Iduna by genetic ablation promoted H2O2-induced cell damage. Up-regulation of Iduna reduced the loss of mitochondrial potential and ATP and NAD+ production, but did not affect the mitochondrial dysfunction-induced cytochrome c release, increase of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and Caspase-9/Caspase-3 activity.

2019年11月1日 · The results showed that downregulation of Iduna did not affect neurotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, or parthanatos following mechanical cell injury if the cells had been pretreated with p53-MDM2 pathway inhibitor (Fig. 8), indicating that Iduna might regulate mechanical cell injury via the p53-MDM2 pathway.

Recent findings suggest that Ring finger protein 146 (RNF146), also called iduna, have neuroprotective property due to its inhibition of Parthanatos via binding with Poly (ADP-ribose) (PAR). The Parthanatos is a PAR dependent cell death that has been implicated in …

新近研究发现，小剂量NMDA预处理可诱导大脑神经元产生一种内源性蛋白因子Iduna，后者能够与PAR聚合物结合，通过促进AIF泛素化降解，减轻和抑制神经元parthanatos的发生 。这些现象的发现为临床预处理、防治相关疾病提供了新的突破口。