The accessory visual structures (or adnexa of eye, ocular adnexa, etc.) are the protecting and supporting structures of the eye, including the eyebrow, eyelids, and lacrimal apparatus.

The ocular adnexa include the eyelids, the conjunctival sac, the lacrimal drainage system, the lacrimal gland, and the orbital contents except for the eye and optic nerve. Many of the lesions that involve the adnexa are similar to those seen in other areas of the body and general surgical pathologists may feel that there is nothing special ...

2024年1月15日 · Evaluation of the lids and adnexa is an important part of any eye exam and for us that begins with our initial face-to-face encounter with the patient. General characteristics such as symmetry (both inter-eye and intra-eye), skin color, loss of lashes, injection, bleeding and crusting are often evident by gross examination at a normal social ...

2021年10月19日 · 1.1 Eyelids. The superior and inferior eyelids are thin, movable, protective coverings of the anterior surface of the globe. Their external surface is covered by the skin, and the internal surface by the conjunctiva. The gap between the …

2017年2月11日 · In this chapter, an overview is given of the embryology and normal histology of the human eye and ocular adnexa. This is then followed by an overview of the pathological changes seen in the major diseases of each of the ocular and adnexal structures, with inclusion of our latest genomic understandings of their respective pathogenesis.

The eyelids protect the eye from excessive light or injury and assist in the distribution of tears over the ocular surface. The upper and lower lids meet at the medial and lateral angles (or canthi). The elliptical opening between the eyelids is known as the palpebral aperture or fissure.

The eyelids are specialized folds of skin which protect the eye, and by blinking distribute the tear film preventing excessive drying of the cornea and conjunctiva. The horizontal opening forms the elliptical palpebral aperture which is slightly higher at its lateral...

1981年10月1日 · This article accurately defines the structures of the eyelid and adnexa as they apply to cosmetic blepharoplasty, discussing first the structures found in both upper and lower lids, then considering the anatomic entities unique to specific regions.

The eyebrows, eyelids, eyelashes, lacrimal gland and drainage apparatus all play a crucial role with regards to globe protection, lubrication and minimising the risk of ocular infection. These adnexal structures also help create the optimum environment for corneal transparency and therefore clear vision.

2016年7月29日 · Proper development of the eyelids and adnexa is dependent on normal fusion of the eyelids. Inadequate fusion of the eyelids can result in eyelid colobomas and deficiencies in the adnexal structures, namely the cilia and tarsus. Similarly, abnormal separation of the eyelids can result in persistent bands to the globe or the opposing lid.