ERLAD（ER-to-lysosome-associated degradation）：SERPINA1的Z变体编码一种蛋白酶体抗性形式的 α1-抗胰蛋白酶 （ATZ），当其被包装在内质网来源的单膜囊泡内时会递送到溶酶体中，通过“内质网到溶酶体相关降解（ERLAD）”的过程降解[3]。这一过程包括两个连续的阶段：内 ...

2021年9月24日，清华大学葛亮研究组在Cell Research期刊在线发表了题为A new type of ERGIC-ERES membrane contact mediated by TMED9 and SEC12 is required for autophagosome biogenesis的研究论文，报道了一条由TMED9和SEC12蛋白相互作用介导的ERGIC-ERES新型内膜互作调节自噬体膜形成的分子通路。

2009年12月3日 · In mammalian cells, COPII vesicle budding occurs at specialized sites on the ER, the so-called transitional ER (tER). Here, we discuss aspects of the formation and maintenance of these sites, the mechanisms by which cargo becomes segregated within them, and the propagation of ER exit sites (ERES) during cell division.

2024年10月7日 · A third of the cellular proteome enters the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and is mostly exported by the coat proteins (COPII) complex 1, 2, 3 from specialized domains called ER exit sites (ERES). 4, 5, 6 Sec12, located in the ER membrane, catalyzes the exchange of guanosine diphosphate (GDP) for guanosine triphosphate (GTP) on the cytoplasmic ...

2021年9月14日 · In the early secretory pathway, the exit of protein cargos from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) takes place at specialized regions called ER exit sites (ERES), where cargos are collected prior to their trafficking to the Golgi apparatus (Bannykh et al., 1996).

At an ultrastructural level it can be classified into two types, smooth ER (SER) and rough ER (RER). The RER has a sheet-like morphology and is characterized by the presence of ribosomes associated with the biosynthesis of secretory and membrane proteins. Conversely, the SER is devoid of ribosomes and tends to be more tubular in structure.

ER-线粒体相遇结构 (ERMES) 是介导大分子交换的直接膜接触连接，而分泌途径起源于 ER 出口位点 (ERES)。 使用发芽酵母毕赤酵母，我们记录了 ERMES 驻留蛋白通常与 ERES 标记并列。 我们进一步证明了 ERES从头形成几乎总是在预先存在的 ERMES 附近。 ERES 或 ERMES 的中断会影响另一个。 Djp1 是一种伴侣蛋白，据报道可介导 ER 驻留蛋白的线粒体输入，定位于 ERES-ERMES 近端区域。 我们的结果表明 ERES-ERMES 接近度与线粒体蛋白质导入之间存在潜在 …

2022年9月14日 · ER–mitochondria encounter structures (ERMES) are direct membrane contact junctions that mediate macromolecule exchange, while the secretory pathway originates at ER exit sites (ERES). Using the budding yeast Pichia pastoris, we documented that ERMES resident proteins are often juxtaposed with ERES markers.

2015年1月15日 · Recent findings have revealed that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) exit sites (ERES), specialized ER regions where proteins are sorted into the secretory system, are key players in the formation of autophagosomes.

西班牙语中的原形动词都是以 -ar ，-er 或 -ir 结尾的。以 -ar 结尾的动词是第一变位动词，以 -er 结尾的动词是第二变位动词， 以 -ir 结尾的动词是第三变位动词。