A ubiquitin ligase (also called an E3 ubiquitin ligase) is a protein that recruits an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme that has been loaded with ubiquitin, recognizes a protein substrate, and assists or directly catalyzes the transfer of ubiquitin from the E2 to the protein substrate. In simple and more general terms, the ligase enables movement ...

E3 ubiquitin ligases are a large family of enzymes that join in a three-enzyme ubiquitination cascade together with ubiquitin activating enzyme E1 and ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2. E3 ubiquitin ligases play an essential role in catalyzing the ...

We characterize eight Cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase (CRL) complex adaptors that regulate C-terminal degrons, including six CRL2 and two CRL4 complexes, and computationally implicate multiple non-CRLs in end recognition.

2016年8月3日 · Ubiquitin ligases (E3s) are a large family of enzymes that catalyse the covalent attachment of a small protein modifier, ubiquitin, to a plethora of substrates...

2016年5月23日 · Cullin-2 based E3 ubiquitin ligases, using many different substrate recognition receptors, recognize a number of substrates and regulate their protein stability. These complexes play critical roles in biological processes and diseases such as cancer, germline differentiation and viral defense.

2024年2月26日 · Within mammalian cells, hundreds of E3 ubiquitin ligases target specific protein substrates and could be repurposed for synthetic biology. Here, we present a systematic analysis of the four protein subunits of the multiprotein E3 ligase complex as …

2023年10月13日 · The linear Ub chain assembly complex (LUBAC) is the only now known E3 ligase complex capable of mediating the M1-linked poly-ubiquitination on target substrates (8, 10, 18–22) and plays critical roles in NF-κB signaling and …

2012年9月28日 · Here, we present a structural model for a RING/U-box E3:E2∼Ub complex poised for Ub transfer. The model and additional analyses reveal that E3 binding biases dynamic E2∼Ub ensembles toward closed conformations with enhanced reactivity for substrate lysines.

2012年9月6日 · To facilitate ubiquitin transfer, RING E3 ligases bind both substrate and a ubiquitin E2 conjugating enzyme linked to ubiquitin via a thioester bond, but the mechanism of transfer has remained elusive. Here we report the crystal structure of the dimeric RING of RNF4 in complex with E2 (UbcH5a) linked by an isopeptide bond to ubiquitin.

The evolutionarily conserved cullin family proteins can assemble as many as 400 distinct E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes that regulate diverse cellular pathways. CUL4, one of three founding cullins conserved from yeast to humans, uses a large beta …