Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are protein neurotoxins produced by neurotoxigenic strains of anaerobic and spore forming bacteria of the genus Clostridium (Clostridium botulinum, …

2022年1月7日 · Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are the most potent protein toxins among bacterial, animal, plant and chemical toxic compounds and are the cause of botulism [1]. …

2014年6月30日 · Neurotoxigenic clostridia belong to six phylogenetically distinct groups and produce more than 40 different BoNT types, which inactivate neurotransmitter release owing …

2020年4月11日 · Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are a growing family of bacterial protein toxins that cause botulism, a rare but often fatal animal and human disease. They are the most …

In this review, we highlight the toxin’s structural, functional, and evolutionary aspects, explore its clinical uses, and identify key research gaps, such as BoNT’s central effects and its long-term …

2008年2月15日 · Clostridial botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) causes a neuroparalytic condition recognized as botulism by arresting synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Although the crystal …

2022年6月3日 · This chapter describes the molecular structure of botulinum neurotoxins (BoNT), the functions of light chain and heavy chain, and how after intramuscular injection, BoNT …

2017年8月3日 · Botulinum neurotoxins are known to have seven serotypes (BoNT/A–G). Here we report a new BoNT serotype, tentatively named BoNT/X, which has the lowest sequence …

2024年10月1日 · Produced by a few species of anaerobic endospore-forming bacteria of the Clostridium genus, botulinum toxins (BoNTs) are a group of immunologically distinct …

Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are categorised into immunologically distinct serotypes BoNT/A to /G). Each serotype can also be further divided into subtypes based on differences in amino …