Basalt (UK: / ˈ b æ s ɒ l t,-ɔː l t,-əl t /; [1] [2] US: / b ə ˈ s ɔː l t, ˈ b eɪ s ɔː l t /) [3] is an aphanitic (fine-grained) extrusive igneous rock formed from the rapid cooling of low-viscosity lava rich in magnesium and iron (mafic lava) exposed at or very near the surface of a rocky planet or moon. More than 90% of all ...

Basalt is a dark-colored, fine-grained, igneous rock composed mainly of plagioclase and pyroxene minerals. It most commonly forms as an extrusive rock, such as a lava flow, but can also form in small intrusive bodies, such as an igneous dike or a thin sill. It …

2023年4月23日 · Basalt is a type of volcanic rock that is formed from the solidification of molten lava. It is an igneous rock, meaning it is formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. Basalt is one of the most common rock types on Earth, and it can be found in various locations around the world, both on land and under the ocean floor.

2025年3月8日 · Basalt, extrusive igneous (volcanic) rock that is low in silica content, dark in color, and comparatively rich in iron and magnesium. Basalts may be broadly classified on a chemical and petrographic basis into two main groups: the tholeiitic and the alkali basalts.

Explore the strength and versatility of basalt, a volcanic rock with widespread uses in construction, industrial applications, and art. Learn about its formation, types, famous locations, and how to care for basalt in this detailed guide.

BASALT翻译：玄武岩。了解更多。 The basalts have distinctive petrographic characteristics such as rounded and skeletal olivine phenocrysts with abundant melt inclusions, implying the mixing of two distinct magmas.

2023年8月17日 · Basalt is a hard, fine-grained, dark-colored volcanic or extrusive rock. It has primarily calcium-rich plagioclase and augite. Also, it may have minor amounts of other minerals like quartz, olivine, foids, alkali feldspar, biotite, and amphibole. This rock is undoubtedly popular, only rivaled by granite.

玄武岩（Basalt）是一种基性喷出岩, 由火山喷发出的岩浆在地表冷却后凝固而成的一种致密状或泡沫状结构的岩石，属于岩浆岩 [2]。 玄武岩通常呈深色，从黑色到深灰色，因为其深色矿物（如辉石和橄榄石）含量很高。 其岩石结构常具气孔状、杏仁状构造和斑状结构，有时带有大的矿物晶体，未风化的玄武岩主要呈黑色和灰色，也有黑褐色、暗紫色和灰绿色的。 具有细粒纹理，这意味着其矿物颗粒一般较小，肉眼不易看到，这是由于地球表面玄武岩熔岩的快速冷却，阻止了大矿 …

Basalt is defined as a fine-grained, dark-colored igneous rock composed mainly of plagioclase and pyroxene minerals, with or without olivine. It is formed from the rapid cooling of basaltic lava exposed at or very near the surface of the Earth (extrusive or volcanic rock).

Basalt is a mafic extrusive rock, is the most widespread of all igneous rocks, and comprises more than 90% of all volcanic rocks. Because of its relatively low silica content, basalt lava has a comparatively low viscosity, and forms thin flows that can travel long distances.