Autophagy-related protein 9A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ATG9A gene. [5] Functional studies indicate that ATG9A plays a role in autophagy. [6][7] and other non-autophagy membrane remodeling processes such as plasma membrane repair. [8] .

2017年1月17日 · Through a combination of genetic, in vivo imaging and electron tomography approaches, we show that Arabidopsis ATG9 deficiency leads to a drastic accumulation of autophagosome-related tubular structures in direct membrane continuity with the ER upon autophagic induction.

2021年11月19日 · ATG9A localizes to vesicular-tubular clusters (VTCs) that are tightly associated with an ER subdomain enriched in another multispanning membrane scramblase, TMEM41B, and also in close proximity...

Through a combination of genetic, in vivo imaging and electron tomography approaches, we show that Arabidopsis ATG9 deficiency leads to a drastic accumulation of autophagosome-related tubular structures in direct membrane continuity with the ER upon autophagic induction.

The molecular function of Atg9, the sole transmembrane protein in the autophagosome-forming machinery, remains unknown. Atg9 colocalizes with Atg2 at the expanding edge of the isolation membrane (IM), where Atg2 receives phospholipids from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).

In this review, we aim to understand various aspects of ATG9 (in invertebrates and plants)/ATG9A (in mammals), including its localization, trafficking, and other functions, in nonneuronal cells and neurons by comparing recent discoveries related to ATG9/ATG9A and …

2020年10月26日 · Here we report that yeast and human Atg9 are lipid scramblases that translocate phospholipids between outer and inner leaflets of liposomes in vitro.

2024年8月1日 · ATG9 is a conserved transmembrane scramblase, which is important for macroautophagy. ATG9 resides in trans-Golgi derived vesicles, of which some traffic to the site of autophagosome biogenesis. ATG9 vesicles can serve as platforms for the assembly of the autophagy machinery.

2021年4月26日 · Autophagy-related protein 9 (ATG9) vesicles seed the growing autophagosomal membrane, which is supplied by de novo phospholipid synthesis, phospholipid transport via ATG2 proteins and lipid...

2022年11月10日 · In particular, we show that Atg9 function is dramatically compromised by a F627A mutation within the conserved interface between the transmembrane domains of the Atg9 monomers. Although Atg9 F627A self-interacts and binds to the Atg2-Atg18 complex, the F627A mutation blocks the phagophore expansion and thus autophagy progression.