Astrophorina is a suborder of sea sponges in the class Demospongiae. [1][2] Astrophorina was formerly named Astrophorida and classified as an order, but it is now recognised as a suborder of Tetractinellida [3] "Astrophorida". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 15 February 2007. ^ "Astrophorida".

With a sampling of 153 specimens (9 families, 29 genera, 89 species) covering the deep- and shallow-waters worldwide, this work presents the first comprehensive molecular phylogeny of the Astrophorida, using a cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene partial sequence and the 5′ end terminal part of the 28S rDNA gene (C1-D2 domains).

Astrophoridap species are characterized by the simultaneous presence of asters and triaenes but lack a synapomorphy. On the contrary, Spirophorida species have a clear synapomorphy: microscleres with a “S” or “C” shape called sigmaspires.

2011年4月8日 · With a sampling of 153 specimens (9 families, 29 genera, 89 species) covering the deep- and shallow-waters worldwide, this work presents the first comprehensive molecular phylogeny of the Astrophorida, using a cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene partial sequence and the 5′ end terminal part of the 28S rDNA gene (C1-D2 domains).

Astrophorida Sollas (Demospongiae), also sometimes known as Choristida Sollas, include sponges with asterose microscleres and tetractinal megascleres (either sometimes lost), together with microxeas, microrhabds and oxeas, and skeletal architecture always radial, at least at the surface, but more confused towards the centre of the body.

2010年11月16日 · Astrophorida Sollas (1888) is a well-defined order of Demospongiae comprising sponges with the combination of triaene megascleres and aster microscleres, usually complemented with large oxea megascleres.

2011年4月8日 · The Astrophorida is a larger order than previously considered, comprising ca. 820 species. Based on these results, we propose new classifications for the Astrophorida using both the classical rank-based nomenclature (i.e., Linnaean classification) and the phylogenetic nomenclature following the Phyl …

from putative Astrophorida (lithistids, Alectona, Neamphius). With a sampling of 153 specimens (9 families, 89 species) covering the deep- and shallow-waters of the Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, and Southern Ocean, the overall aim of this work was to present the first comprehensive molecular phylogeny of the Astrophorida.

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2009年12月17日 · Molecular taxonomy and phylogeny of the Geodiidae (Porifera, Demospongiae, Astrophorida) – combining phylogenetic and Linnaean classification.— Zoologica Scripta, 39, 89–106. According to the fossil records, the Geodiidae represents one of the oldest families of demosponges (Phylum Porifera).