Aβ Clearance—The Untapped Potential of Astrocytes? - ALZFORUM
2021年11月9日 · Astrocyte With Appetite. Cultured mouse astrocytes treated with gemfibrozil and retinoic acid (right) ingurgitated more Aβ (white) than did untreated cells (left), and sequestered it into their lysosomes (red). [Courtesy of Raha et al., Science Signaling, 2021.] [Courtesy of Raha et al., Science Signaling, 2021.]
Astrocytes Are Just Dying to Spread Tau - ALZFORUM
2021年7月30日 · The scientists wondered if these inhibitors also quelled inflammation. They measured levels of HMGB1 and cytokines in the astrocyte medium. While oligomer-exposed astrocytes spewed lots of HMGB1 and inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, cells treated with both inhibitors secreted significantly less of each.
New Astrocyte Marker Allows Purification from Mixed Cultures
2020年6月5日 · Importantly, 97 percent of the cells expressed aquaporin 4, a key astrocyte marker, suggesting this was a fairly pure astrocyte population (see image above). Most of the cells were mature, with 10 percent expressing the immature astrocyte marker NUSAP1. Nonetheless, the cells were not all identical (see black-and-white image).
Gene Networks That Control Astrocyte Diversity Linked to AD
2022年11月11日 · Then, they performed astrocyte-specific CRISPR knockdown of two genes encoding established cytoskeletal proteins (Fermt2 and Ezr) belonging to gene modules correlated with astrocyte morphological features. They show that this reduces astrocyte territory by 20 percent, altering memory, c-fos induction in neurons, and synapse number in the ...
Does Astrocyte Tau Cause Dementia? - ALZFORUM
2020年11月18日 · Neurofibrillary tangles develop primarily in glutamatergic pyramidal neurons and misfolded tau is thought to propagate through neural circuits trans-synaptically. Astrocyte fine processes rich in glutamate transporters are a structural and functional part of the excitatory glutamatergic synapses (Ventura and Harris, 1999). Thus, it is plausible ...
Astrocyte-to-Neuron Conversion Questioned - ALZFORUM
2022年7月1日 · Ptbp1 knockdown in mouse striatum did not induce astrocyte-to-neuron conversion using HA-tagged labeling system. BioRxiv, May 13, 2022. Wang LL, Serrano C, Zhong X, Ma S, Zou Y, Zhang CL. Revisiting astrocyte to neuron conversion with lineage tracing in vivo. Cell. 2021 Oct 14;184(21):5465-5481.e16. Epub 2021 Sep 27 PubMed.
Reactive Astrocytes Boot Basic, Dysfunctional Lysosomes
2021年9月23日 · On the other hand, sustained or chronic activation of astrocytes promotes neuroinflammation and astrocyte dysfunctions that contribute to neurodegenerative diseases, but less is known about how these astrocytes become dysfunctional. Indeed, Rooney et al.’s data reveals the patho-mechanism of reactive astrocyte mediated neurotoxicity.
A Putrid Problem: Astrocytic Urea Cycle in Alzheimer’s?
2022年7月1日 · In this context, we and others demonstrated that astrocyte senescence is linked to loss of beneficial function and gain of neurotoxic function that contributes to Alzheimer’s disease and frontotemporal dementia (Gaikwad et al., 2021; Cohen and Torres, 2019). It would be interesting to understand whether cyclic urea metabolism is linked to ...
In Triculture Model, Astrocyte-Microglia Cross Talk Spurs
2021年2月16日 · Adding TNF-α to astrocyte-neuron cultures triggered C3 release, confirming this cytokine as a mediator of glial cross talk. As with wild-type tricultures, the authors saw the same results with and without LPS challenge, with the sole difference that maximum C3 levels were somewhat higher in the LPS condition.
Over the Span of AD, Roles of Astrocytes and Microglia Change
First, Bellaver investigated how astrocyte reactivity influenced the relationship between amyloid status, as gauged by PET or plasma Aβ42/40 levels, and plasma p-tau217. She found that across the AD continuum, plasma p-tau217 increased as a function of plaque burden, but only if astrocytes were reactive, as gauged by elevated plasma GFAP.