Alloxan is a toxic glucose analogue, which selectively destroys insulin-producing cells in the pancreas (that is, beta cells) when administered to rodents and many other animal species. This causes an insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (called "alloxan diabetes") in these animals, with characteristics similar to type 1 diabetes in humans.

四氧嘧啶(alloxan)，又名阿脲一水合物，是一种β细胞毒剂，通过产生超氧自由基选择性地损伤多种动物的胰岛β细胞，使细胞DNA损伤，并激活多聚 ADP核糖体合成酶(poly (ADP-ribose)synthetase)活性，从而使辅酶Ⅰ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide， NAD)含量下降，导致mRNA功能受损，β细胞合成前胰岛素减少，导致胰岛素缺乏，引起实验性糖尿病。 该模型适用于糖尿病发病机制、病理生理变化及有效药物治疗研究。 常用于治疗糖尿病有效中药的药物 …

2017年1月1日 · Alloxan is one of the common diabetogenic agents often used to assess the antidiabetic potential of both pure compounds and plant extracts in studies involving diabetes.

Alloxan (ALX) is rapidly taken up by pancreatic beta cells and the generation of free radicals that leads to fragmentation of the beta cell DNA. ALX has a narrow effective (for the induction of hyperglycaemia) dose range and kidney toxicity may arise from slight over dosing [62].

Alloxan is a member of the class of pyrimidones, the structure of which is that of perhydropyrimidine substituted at C-2, -4, -5 and -6 by oxo groups. It has a role as a hyperglycemic agent and a metabolite. It is functionally related to a barbituric acid. Alloxan has been reported in Euglena gracilis with data available.

2016年2月1日 · Alloxan is a thermally stable white solid with an unusual structure. Its formal name is 2,4,5,6(1H,3H)-pyrimidinetetrone, indicating that it has a pyrimidine ring structure with four carbonyl groups. It is freely soluble in water, forming a slightly acidic solution. The solid begins to decompose at 256 ºC.

Alloxan hydrate is a diabetogenic agent to induce diabetes. Alloxan hydrate is a proteasome inhibitor. Alloxan causes diabetes in experimental animals through its ability to destroy the insulin-secreting B-cells of the pancreas.

Alloxan and streptozotocin are toxic glucose analogues that preferentially accumulate in pancreatic beta cells via the GLUT2 glucose transporter. In the presence of intracellular thiols, especially glutathione, alloxan generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a cyclic redox reaction with its reduc …

2020年9月11日 · 四氧嘧啶(Alloxan)是一种特异的胰岛细胞毒剂,可选择性地损伤多种动物的胰岛B细胞,引起实验性糖尿病。 它常用于制备1型糖尿病动物模型。 造模方法： 给动物一次性静脉或腹腔注射1%~5%的Alloxan水溶液100~200 mg/kg。

We used alloxan to induce diabetes in rats and rabbits for screening the antidiabetic activity of test compounds. However, we experienced an inconsistent and unpredictable response with alloxan, similar to that discussed by Jain et al. Healthy adult albino rats (150-200 g) and rabbits (1.5-2.5 kg) were used in the study.