Clostridium is a genus of anaerobic, Gram-positive bacteria. Species of Clostridium inhabit soils and the intestinal tracts of animals, including humans. [1] This genus includes several significant human pathogens, including the causative agents of botulism and tetanus.

The ability for the obligate anaerobe, Clostridium difficile, to form a metabolically dormant spore is critical for the survival of this organism outside of the host. This spore form is resistant to a myriad of environmental stresses, including heat, desiccation and …

Clostridia are strictly anaerobic to aerotolerant sporeforming bacilli found in soil as well as in normal intestinal flora of man and animals. There are both gram-positive and gram-negative species, although the majority of isolates are gram-positive. Exotoxin (s) play an important role in disease pathogenesis.

2014年7月1日 · Clostridium difficile is a Gram-positive, spore-forming obligate anaerobe and a major nosocomial pathogen of worldwide concern. Owing to its strict anaerobic requirements, the infectious and transmissible morphotype is the dormant spore.

Clostridium grows well at body temperature; in stressful environments, the bacteria produce spores that tolerate extreme conditions. These bacteria secrete powerful exotoxins responsible for diseases including those causing tetanus, botulism, and gas gangrene.

Clostridioides difficile is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, toxin-producing anaerobe, and an important nosocomial pathogen. Due to the strictly anaerobic nature of the vegetative form, spores are the main morphotype of infection and transmission of the disease.

Sporulating clostridia usually form swollen mother cells and accumulate the storage substance granulose. However, clostridial sporulation differs by not employing the so-called phosphorelay. Initiation starts by direct phosphorylation of the master regulator Spo0A.

2024年10月7日 · Clostridium difficile’s ability to form spores is a vital aspect of its survival and infectivity. These spores are highly resistant structures that allow the bacterium to persist in harsh environments, including those outside the host.

Several studies show a link between sporulation and solvent production in Clostridium acetobutylicum and Clostridium beijerinckii but none was able to explain the involved mechanism. The project aim is to fill our knowledge gaps in this matter.

Here, we review our current understanding of how clostridial pathogens, specifically Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium botulinum, and Clostridioides difficile, induce sporulation in response to environmental cues, assemble resistant spores, and germinate metabolically dormant spores in response to environmental cues. We also discuss the ...