By contrast with previous studies that indicated a link between the severity of cardiac shunt on TCD ultrasonography and the occurrence of migraine, 5 Garg et al. observed that there was no ...

In the end, 147 patients with a moderate or large PFO underwent 1:1 randomization to ... was repeated to assess the residual shunt rate. The primary study end point was defined as complete ...

How May PFO Closure Affect Migraine ... can partially escape pulmonary clearance in the presence of a right-to-left shunt. The exact role of serotonin in migraine is not clear, but drugs designed ...